mining projects on the effects of toe occurrenceon output in bench blasting
Effects of water deck on rock blasting performance
In general, the stress wave velocity is faster in the saturated rock than the dry rock. In addition, the strength of rock will be decreased when it is saturated (S dry ≫ S sat).Kim and Changani 7 conducted a research to find the effects of water contents on the mechanical strength of rock. The research found that both compressive and tensile …
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An Evaluation on the Impact of Ore Fragmented by …
Optimal fragmentation minimizes any negative impact on the mixing (ore and waste) with the maximum integrity of the wall and the floor of the bench. In spite of this, the output of the blasting directly affects …
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Assessing and controlling of bench blasting-induced …
Drilling and blasting is widely used in mining and construction industries, and ground vibration is one of the detrimental effects caused by blasting. To determine …
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Optimization of toe in bench Blasting – A practical view
[Show full abstract] blast results including degree of fragmentation, muckpile, overbreak, boulders, bench floor and toe conditions, environmental considerations and …
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Assessing and controlling of bench blasting-induced vibrations to
Drilling and blasting is widely used in mining and construction industries, and ground vibration is one of the detrimental effects caused by blasting. To determine the fragmentation of rocks and to ensure the safety of ambient urban areas and residents, it is necessary to determine the parameters that have a reasonable influence on blast ...
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Toeing the line: Blasting practices to control quarry floors, correct
A short bench is not defined by a certain height, but instead by a figure commonly referred to as the stiffness ratio. The stiffness ratio is simply the bench height divided by the burden (Table 1), which means that a 10m bench that is being shot with a 2.2m burden (75mm packaged emulsion) would have a stiffness ratio of 4.5.
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Reduction of Fragment Size from Mining to Mineral Processing
2.1 Energy. Rock drilling, blasting, and comminution (crushing and grinding) consume a vast amount of energy in hard rock mines. As mentioned in Sect. 1, statistics from hard rock mines indicates that drilling and blasting consumes 2% and comminution does 53% of the total energy input in the whole production chain from mining to mineral …
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7.2.3: Pit Terminology | GEOG 000
Toe: Interior vertex formed by the intersection of the bench face and bench floor. Crest: Exterior vertex formed by the intersection of the bench floor and bench face. Bench width: The distance between the crest and the toe measured along the upper surface. There are two types of benches in each open pit mine: working benches and safety (catch ...
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Numerical Investigation of Blast-Induced Rock Movement
The stress wave gradient law is obtained, and the effects of blasting rock breaking, crack extension, and explosion effect outside the blasting crater area are determined with different initiation ...
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Numerical Investigation of Blast-Induced Rock Movement
Abstract Blast-induced rock movement (BIRM) may lead to large ore loss and dilution in many mines using the pre-blast ore boundary to guide shovel loading. In this study, a simulation approach consisting of the finite element method for blast loading calculation and the bonded-particle method for bench blasting simulation was applied to …
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Mining | Free Full-Text | Numerical Modelling of Blasting …
The blasting operation considerably influences the overall productivity of opencast mines, especially when blasting results in oversized fragments that impact the operations ranging from excavation to milling. In this work, a numerical analysis of blasting performance was implemented to optimize the blasting parameters and improve the …
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A rock engineering systems based model to predict rock
A new model for prediction of rock fragmentation by blasting is presented based upon the basic concepts of rock engineering systems (RES). The newly proposed approach involves 16 effective parameters on fragmentation by blasting with keeping simplicity as well. The data for 30 blasts, carried out at Sungun copper mine, western …
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Analysis of Environmental Costs' Effect in Green Mining
Nowadays, one of the most significant problems in mining activities is the significance of analyzing environmental issues along with mining, concentration, and mineral processing operations to achieve the goals of sustainable development. Nevertheless, mine owners refuse to include environmental costs (EC) and consider …
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(PDF) Optimization of Blasting Parameters- A case study
Reasonable blasting parameters and techniques are of great significance for controlling blasting costs, improving blasting effects, and increasing the economic benefits of open-pit mining [4][5][6 ...
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Stress wave superposition effect and crack initiation
Introduction. The drilling and blasting method exploits an instantaneous release of explosive energy to achieve efficient fragmentation of rock, and is widely used in many fields such as mining engineering,1, 2, 3 traffic engineering, 4, 5 hydropower and nuclear power infrastructure. 6, 7 The borehole pressure, stemming material, boundary …
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Research on Vibration Propagation Law and Dynamic Effect of Bench Blasting
To address the problem of damage to adjacent buildings (structures) caused by bench blasting construction, blasting in a sand and gravel mine in Guizhou Province was used as the background. Through on-site monitoring and numerical simulation, the blasting vibration propagation law and dynamic effect characteristics under the joint …
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Assessment of backbreak due to blasting operation in open
Abstract. One of the major problems related to blasting operations in open pit mines is the formation of cracks on the benches behind the last row of blast holes (backbreak). Prediction of backbreak plays an important role in the safety of open pit mining and the reduction of the detrimental effects resulting from blasting operations.
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Understanding the connection between blasting and
Highwall stability is a complex issue that is dependent upon a variety of mining and geologic factors, and a safe design is necessary for a successful surface operation. To improve highwall stability, it is important to understand the connection between local geology and blasting. Explosives are employed throughout the mining …
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Review of predicting the blast-induced ground
Drilling and blasting is widely used in mining and construction industries, and ground vibration is one of the detrimental effects caused by blasting. To determine the fragmentation of rocks and to ensure the safety of ambient urban areas and residents, it is necessary to determine the parameters that have a reasonable influence on blast …
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Investigation of Geotechnical Parameters Effect on Open Pit Mining
Blasting is one of the most important operations, which has a great technical and economical effect on the mining projects. Criteria such as fragmentation (operation ultimate objective) and ground ...
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Evaluation and optimization of blasting approaches to
The present study provides insight into the formation mechanism of toes and oversize boulders in large-diameter blasthole bench blasting. A non-ideal detonation …
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Effect of the Location of the Detonation Initiation Point for Bench
Uneven floor and fragmentation play an important role in blasting operations due to the direct effects on the efficiency of hauling and loading. This paper focuses on the influences of initiation position on bench blasting in order to improve blasting effects. The numerical simulations of bench blasting at different initiation points (top, middle, and …
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An Evaluation on the Impact of Ore Fragmented by Blasting on Mining
Optimal fragmentation minimizes any negative impact on the mixing (ore and waste) with the maximum integrity of the wall and the floor of the bench. In spite of this, the output of the blasting directly affects not only the drilling, displacement, and the ore control needed but also the needs and requirements of the crushing and grinding, i.e ...
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International Journal of Science &Technology, Reference …
bench blasting plays a key effect on the efficiency and cost of drilling and blasting and subsequently mining unit operations such as loading and hauling, later on crushing operations.Quality of rock fragmentation depends on two sets of variables namely; a) Rockmass properties which is a natural factor and cannot be controlled.
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Typical geometry of an open-pit mine.
In mining and civil projects, the rock engineering system (RES) is a common method for conducting risk analyses by considering causal–effect relationships between involve parameters in the system.
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Prediction of ground vibration due to mine blasting in a
Peak particle velocity (PPV) is one of the blasting undesirable consequences, which is resulted during emission of vibration in blasted bench. This study focuses on …
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A new technique to predict fly-rock in bench blasting based on an
Fly-rock caused by blasting is one of the dangerous side effects that need to be accurately predicted in open-pit mines. This study proposed a new technique to predict the distance of fly-rock based on an ensemble of support vector regression models (SVRs) and Lasso and elastic-net regularized generalized linear model (GLMNET), called …
ادامه مطلبRock fragment size prediction using RSM in bench blasting: a …
The main purpose of drilling and blasting (D&B) operations in mining and in a civil engineering project is rock mass fragmentation. Muck pile fragment size plays an important role in the efficiency of transportation and crushing and milling operations. Fragment size is a function of the characteristics of the rock mass, explosive type, and …
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Effect of Blast Movement Uncertainty on Dig-Limits
Determination of dig-limits is one of the most critical steps in grade control and short-term mine planning. Dig-limits optimization aims to maximize profit by identifying the optimal destinations of blasted materials while honoring equipment selectivity. Dig-limits determined in the pre-blast stage are not operational in the post-blast stage due to blast …
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CDC
Mining Projects. NIOSH Mining projects are competitively funded intramural research based on focused scientific questions or hypotheses aimed to address a relevant challenge in protecting the health and safety of mine workers. Each project has a principal investigator (PI) who directs the research and writes a funding proposal, …
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