what are the advantages of rat hole mining

Department of Environmental Management, William Carey …

Rat hole mining is of advantage because of low capital investment unlike organized sectors, low maintenance and operational costs. Large diameter holes can be dug easily. Advantages include benefits due to geographical location and availability of coal on the surface and it is relatively cheaper.

Rate Hole Mining | Burning Issues | Free PDF

WHAT IS RAT-HOLE MINING? It involves digging of very small tunnels, usually only 3-4 feet high, which workers (often children) enter and extract coal. The rat-hole mining is broadly of two types – side-cutting and box-cutting. ... Private individuals with interests in earning monetary benefits from minerals vested under the land are engaging ...

Soccer oasis in mining-hit Meghalaya 'desert'

Soccer oasis in mining-hit Meghalaya 'desert' The first Astroturf field in East Jaintia Hills district is set amid abandoned rat-hole coal mines but the funding came from limestone mining.

Rat-hole mines: Negating human lives and ecology

Coal mining is a dangerous job but we have to take risks as there are no livelihood options for us. But we did not know these mines are illegal," Ali said. Efforts to retrieve the 15 trapped miners. Photo provided …

Meghalaya to resume coal mining despite green concerns

It will invariably be rat-hole mining, which is illegal and will lead to human trafficking, drug abuse and other illegalities in these areas again." ... Sign in to unlock member-only benefits ...

Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers …

What do you understand by Rat-hole mining ? Answer: In the tribal areas of the north-east India, minerals are owned by individuals or communities. Thus, coal mining in Jowai and Cherapunjee is done by family member in the form of a long narrow tunnel, known as 'Rat-hole' mining. Question 16. Which reserves of minerals are found in ...

An Exploratory Study of Health and Livelihood Conditions of Coal

In Meghalaya, digging of coal is done manually by a method known as rat hole mining. To extract coal, labourers use a simple pick axe, shovels and wheel barrows for keeping and bringing out the extracted coal and a torch for company. ASM of rat hole type makes it possible to mine the small, uneven and fragmented deposits.

Meghalaya's black holes: Unregulated rat-hole coal mines ravage …

Rat hole mining of coal is an unscientific practice to extract coal through narrow tunnels into the ground. It has led to widespread pollution of rivers, deforestation and disruption of traditional values in society. With extraction of coal tied to rights of indigenous communities over land, the ban was widely resented and challenged. ...

Department of Environmental Management, William …

12.5%, while area under mining has increased three fold. Advantages. Rat hole mining is of advantage because of low capital investment unlike organized sectors, low maintenance …

RAT HOLE MINING

What is rat-hole mining? • It is a primitive and hazardous method of mining for coal, with tunnels that are only 3-4 feet in diameter (hence, rat-hole), leading to pits ranging from 5 …

In Meghalaya, where it took 15 deaths for the reality of illegal mining

Rat-hole mining, involving digging of tunnels 3-4 feet high, was the most preferred to strike at narrow coal seams deeper inside the hills. The less dangerous of two methods of digging tunnels is ...

Rat-Hole Mining in Meghalaya | Current Affairs

What is rat-hole mining? It involves digging of very small tunnels, usually only 3-4 feet high, which workers (often children) enter and extract coal. The rat-hole mining is broadly of two types - side-cutting and box-cutting. In side-cutting procedure, narrow tunnels are dug on the hill slopes and workers go inside until they find the coal …

Court-appointed panel refutes Meghalaya Government's coal …

GUWAHATI. A court-appointed committee has refuted the Meghalaya Government's estimate of coal extracted before the National Green Tribunal (NGT) banned the hazardous rat-hole mining in April 2014.

BJP leaders involved in illegal coal mining in Assam, other

In 2014, the NGT banned the illegal mining of coal by rat-hole mining method, but unfortunately rat-hole mining has been continuing unabated in Tinsukia and Karbi-Anglong districts of Assam. On November 22, 2019, the Assam government informed the state assembly that the government is aware of such illegal coal mining at the Digboi …

Rat Hole Mining

Rat Hole Mining is done in the Indian state of Meghalaya because the coal seams in Meghalaya are so shallow, rat-hole mining is seen to be a more economically viable mode of extraction than open cast mining, which involves removing rocks …

Rat Hole Mining

1. It is a primitive and hazardous method of mining for coal, with tunnels that are only 3-4 feet in diameter (hence, rat-hole), leading to pits ranging from 5-100 sq. mt
2. There are two types of rat-holes: Firs, when dug into the ground these are vertical shafts leading to the mines where horizontal tunnels are dug; the second type is where horizontal holes are dug d...

1. It is a primitive and hazardous method of mining for coal, with tunnels that are only 3-4 feet in diameter (hence, rat-hole), leading to pits ranging from 5-100 sq. mt
2. There are two types of rat-holes: Firs, when dug into the ground these are vertical shafts leading to the mines where horizontal tunnels are dug; the second type is where horizontal holes are dug d...
3. The coal is taken out manually, and then loaded into a bucket or a wheelbarrow and dumped on a nearby un-mined area. From here, it is carried to larger coal dumps near highways for trade and

Meghalaya's black holes: Unregulated rat-hole coal …

Rat hole mining of coal is an unscientific practice to extract coal through narrow tunnels into the ground. It has led to widespread pollution of rivers, deforestation and disruption of traditional values in …

The advantages, disadvantages and challenges of …

It is one of the most important sources of energy in the state. The mining activity in Jaintia hills haveadverse effect on land use and socio-economic activities. The study revealed …

Environmental Impact of Rat-Hole Coal Mines on the

Abstract. The paper appreciates coal mining laws and policies applied by National Green Tribunal to ban traditional, artisanal and rat-hole coal mining in Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya (a state in ...

Month after Meghalaya mine tragedy, NGT committee asks

The police probe should reach a logical conclusion after taking into account all 1200 cases of illegal rat-hole mining in East Garo Hills, South-West Khasi Hills and West and East Jaintia Hills districts. The three-member NGT committee, constituted in August last year, is currently studying the environmental aspects of rat-hole mining in the state.

Rat-hole mining rampant in Meghalaya despite NGT ban

Kharshiing had reportedly captured photographs of illegal rat-hole mining in the district and was stopped by miscreants on their way back. Advertisement. Rat-hole mining involves digging of narrow tunnels, usually 3-4 feet high, for workers to enter and extract coal. ... "Miners are taking advantage of the order and digging out fresh coal." ...

Where coal is mined via 'rat-holes'

The coal seam in hills of Meghalaya is very thin, less than 2 m in most cases," he said. In the other type of rat-hole mining, called box-cutting, a rectangular opening is made, varying from 10 to 100 sq m, and …

Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions and …

What is known as 'rat hole' mining? Answer: Coal mining in Jowai and Cherapunjee is done by family members in the form of a long narrow tunnel, known as 'rat hole' mining. Question 14. ... Give its three …

Environmental Impact of Rat-Hole Coal Mines on the

Abstract. The paper appreciates coal mining laws and policies applied by National Green Tribunal to ban traditional, artisanal and rat-hole coal mining in Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya (a...

Meghalaya: Day after coal mine collapse, 13 workers yet to be …

The 'rat-hole mining' technique — which accounts for most mines in Meghalaya — was banned by the National Green Tribunal in 2014. The technique primarily comprises digging a narrow tunnel to reach coal seams underground. At the bottom tunnel, where coal seams are found, 'rat holes' — just big enough for a worker to enter — are ...

Meghalaya govt colluded with miners: Report to SC

The rat-hole mining technique — which is followed by most mines in the state — was banned by the NGT in 2014. The 380-page second part of the Citizens' Report highlights how the ban is flouted, and analyses scores of public documents, including reports by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG), orders of the NGT and Supreme …

Rat-hole mining rampant in Meghalaya despite NGT ban

Loaded 0%. A month ago, rights activist Agnes Kharshiing and her companion were attacked by a group of people who were suspected to be members of coal mining mafia in East Jaintia Hills district. Kharshiing had reportedly captured photographs of illegal rat-hole mining in the district and was stopped by miscreants on their way back.

Rat Hole Mining

Despite a ban, rat-hole mining remains a prevalent practice for coal mining in Meghalaya, where a mine has recently collapsed. Rat hole mining involves digging of …

Meghalaya mine collapse: What it's like to work in a …

Although illegal, rat-hole mining is widely practised Abdul first started working in coal mines about two years ago. Before that, he worked as a mason and earned a daily wage of 400 rupees ($6; £ ...

'Firms gain from illegal coal mining in Meghalaya'

The NGT had banned unscientific and unsafe rat-hole mining of coal in Meghalaya in 2014 though it intermittently allowed transportation of already mined coal from time to time. Rat-hole mining ...